{"id":4250,"date":"2020-02-05T06:17:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T06:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.salago.design\/sin-categorizar\/graficas-invisibles-iconos-pictogramas-simbolos\/"},"modified":"2020-02-05T06:17:00","modified_gmt":"2020-02-05T06:17:00","slug":"graficas-invisibles-iconos-pictogramas-simbolos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salago.design\/es\/blog\/graficas-invisibles-iconos-pictogramas-simbolos\/","title":{"rendered":"Gr\u00e1ficas invisibles: Iconos, pictogramas, s\u00edmbolos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Iconos, pictogramas, s\u00edmbolos. Los ves cada d\u00eda en el m\u00f3vil, en el metro, en el s\u00faper, conduciendo. \u00bfDe qu\u00e9 va cada uno? \u00bfEn qu\u00e9 se diferencian? \u00bfFuentes o gr\u00e1ficos? \u00bfGratis o de pago? Y no menos importante\u2026 cuando sabes que los necesitas, \u00bfd\u00f3nde encontrarlos? <\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Los s\u00edmbolos<\/strong> son una representaci\u00f3n de \u00abalgo\u00bb a la que se llega desde cierto consenso porque\u2026 en realidad no existe, est\u00e1 construido, creado. Piensa en los signos ling\u00fc\u00edsticos, matem\u00e1ticos\u2026 Y en aquello de signo \u2013 significante \u2013 significado (que en su momento a nadie nos qued\u00f3 claro). <\/p>\n

Entonces \u00bfqu\u00e9 diferencia hay entre s\u00edmbolo e icono? Buena pregunta, tremendo f\u00e1rrago. Icono<\/strong> viene del griego EIKON, una ra\u00edz que habla de imagen, pasada por la coctelera del ruso y el franc\u00e9s. Dice Peirce que es \u00abun signo que representa un objeto en base a una semejanza con cualquiera de sus aspectos\u00bb. Vamos, que aqu\u00ed hay una relaci\u00f3n real entre lo que se representa (referencia) y el s\u00edmbolo que se produce (resultado). <\/p>\n

En el mundo real, solemos utilizar s\u00edmbolo e icono como sin\u00f3nimos (porque vemos se\u00f1ales todos los d\u00edas, pero pocas veces hablamos de ling\u00fc\u00edstica). Un drama parecido se presenta cuando necesitamos distinguir iconos de pictogramas. Los pictogramas<\/strong> tambi\u00e9n son s\u00edmbolos que representan objetos, pero m\u00e1s sint\u00e9ticos, m\u00e1s esquem\u00e1ticos, m\u00e1s abstractos. <\/p>\n

Para ponerlo f\u00e1cil, si tienes delante una fantas\u00eda, est\u00e1s viendo un icono. Si es crudo, b\u00e1sico, al punto\u2026 probablemente sea un picto. Planteado de otra manera: puedes basarte en un pictograma y engordarlo hasta tener un icono. Ojo, que si te pasas, igual acabas ilustrando.<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u00bfInvisibles? Qu\u00e9 dices <\/h2>\n

Decimos que son invisibles porque suelen pasar desapercibidos. Porque hay pocos seres humanos que, m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de interpretarlos, los perciban con toda su fuerza, reflexionen y debatan sobre iconograf\u00edas\u2026 Salvo, quiz\u00e1, los dise\u00f1adores, que so\u00f1amos con bater\u00edas gr\u00e1ficas y fuentes y paletas crom\u00e1ticas y necesitamos pasear<\/a> para decidir si relleno o l\u00ednea, si con arista o borde redondeado, si blanco y negro o a todo color y ahora\u2026 \u00bftinta plana o degradados? <\/p>\n

\u00abUn buen dise\u00f1o es un dise\u00f1o invisible\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Don Norman | The Design of Everyday Things<\/p>\n

Los iconos, entendidos en su sentido m\u00e1s amplio, est\u00e1n presentes en todas parte<\/strong>s. Y no al trantr\u00e1n: Alguien los ha pensado (a veces regular). Los ver\u00e1s en aplicaciones, en tu ordenador, en infograf\u00edas, pero tambi\u00e9n en la informaci\u00f3n nutricional de la comida, en las advertencias de los productos de limpieza, en los ascensores, en las se\u00f1ales de tr\u00e1fico\u2026 qu\u00e9 se yo, lo dicho, en todas partes. <\/p>\n

Esto ocurre porque son (o deber\u00edan ser) universales<\/strong>. \u00bfQue qu\u00e9? Que al ver un icono, t\u00fa, yo, mi madre, un lap\u00f3n y un argentino, deber\u00edamos entender m\u00e1s o menos lo mismo, en la pantalla de nuestra cabeza deber\u00eda aparecer la misma imagen. Con matices, claro. Para entender la representaci\u00f3n es necesario que todos conozcamos, aunque sea de aquella manera, a qu\u00e9 se refiere. En fin, su universalidad les da un incre\u00edble poder para mejorar la accesibilidad, da igual que hablemos de una web, una app o la se\u00f1al\u00e9tica de un hospital. <\/p>\n

Fuentes iconogr\u00e1ficas vs iconos gr\u00e1ficos (jpg, png, gloria-al-svg)<\/h2>\n

Cuando buscas una buena performance, escalabilidad sin p\u00edxeles, poco peso, transversalidad, compatibilidad\u2026 el camino es utilizar una fuente iconogr\u00e1fica o formato svg, ya sea desde un recurso ajeno o creados desde cero. Si van a existir en el mundo app o web, son c\u00f3digo, as\u00ed que se cargan a toda velocidad. Si van a vivir en impresiones o aplicaciones gr\u00e1ficas, son vectores, con ampliaci\u00f3n y reducci\u00f3n hasta donde t\u00fa elijas. <\/p>\n

La ventaja de usar fuentes o bater\u00edas gr\u00e1ficas de iconos ya existentes, siempre que te asegures de su calidad, es que te quitas de encima, de un plumazo, verificar que todo est\u00e1 bien, con sus ciclos de correcciones y ajustes. Crear tu propia fuente o exportar como svg gr\u00e1ficas creadas por uno mismo parece f\u00e1cil, pero el c\u00f3digo que escupen los programas de dise\u00f1o es mejorable y crear fuentes que funcionen tambi\u00e9n tiene su aquel. <\/p>\n

Las fuentes son m\u00e1s r\u00e1pidas en cuanto a carga. Los svgs m\u00e1s controlados y, por supuesto, m\u00e1s f\u00e1ciles de ejecutar y adaptar a las caracter\u00edsticas particulares de cada marca. Si no quieres encontrarte TUS ICONOS en ning\u00fan otro proyecto, el camino es contar con profesionales que desarrollen un planteamiento gr\u00e1fico personalizado y, a la vez, aseguren su estabilidad. <\/p>\n

\u00bfD\u00f3nde encontrarlos?<\/h2>\n

Te has desmayado y lo quieres todo. Quieres las fuentes, quieres los iconos gr\u00e1ficos. Los quieres gratis, los quieres de pago, los quieres solo para ti, los quieres compartir, quieres tatu\u00e1rtelos. Normal, a mi me pasa igual. Ah\u00ed va una lista r\u00e1pida de recursos va-ri-a-di-tos, para que puedas tirar del hilo. <\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

Font icons:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fontawesome:<\/a> La fuente iconogr\u00e1fica del CDN de Twitter. Si est\u00e1s en un proyecto con desarrollo y usas Bootstrap, van de la mano. S\u00f3lidos o con l\u00ednea, incluye marcas (logotipos). Tiene respaldo gr\u00e1fico (png, svg). Versi\u00f3n free y de pago.
Material Design:<\/a> La fuente iconogr\u00e1fica de Google. Tienes 5 posibilidades, con distintos acabados. Maravilla: Modulan en simplicidad seg\u00fan tama\u00f1os (responsive, alucina vecina). Tambi\u00e9n con respaldo gr\u00e1fico (png, svg). Free y open source. Fant\u00e1stico.
We love icon fonts:<\/a> Un hosting como Google Fonts, pero solo para iconos. Free y open source. Ojo, es p\u00fablico, as\u00ed que es ideal para husmear y bocetar, pero regul\u00edn si tienes que usarlo en producci\u00f3n (digital), puedes tener problemas de seguridad.
Icomoon:<\/a> Un motor que puedes alimentar con tus iconos para generar una fuente adhoc. Atenci\u00f3n: Puede reventar, si no vas con cuidado. Versi\u00f3n free y de pago. <\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

Gr\u00e1ficos:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ikonate:<\/a> Su herramienta de customizaci\u00f3n es intuitiva, f\u00e1cil y eficaz, que no es cosa menor, si tienes que trabajar con constricciones de marca. Olv\u00eddate de importar-retocar-exportar en programas gr\u00e1ficos. Adem\u00e1s, aseguran una performance excelente. Open source y gratis-re-gratis.
The noun project:<\/a> Incre\u00edblemente amplio, fant\u00e1stico para buscar referencias conceptuales. Free (bajo licencia CC, as\u00ed que tendr\u00e1s que atribuir autor\u00eda) y de pago. Organizado por familias, funciona como un repositorio en red con trabajo de distintos miembros de la comunidad.
Flaticon:<\/a> Stock free y de pago. La ventaja sobre iStock, Getty Images o similares es que se enfoca en iconos, as\u00ed que te ahorras el rato de miner\u00eda buscando y rebuscando en la categor\u00eda de ilustraci\u00f3n. Freepik<\/a> tambi\u00e9n tiene secci\u00f3n, aunque los plantea desagrupados (si necesitas montar una bater\u00eda, b\u00fasqueda infernal y edici\u00f3n asegurada). <\/p>\n

\u00bfEst\u00e1s en pleno s\u00edndrome de estocolmo? \u00bfNo eres capaz ni de darle al teclado? <\/h2>\n

Escr\u00edbenos y dinos un concepto, que lo representamos. Buscamos una fuente que encaje con tu proyecto o la desarrollamos desde cero. Iconos, pictogramas, s\u00edmbolos, en bater\u00eda o aislados\u2026 en Salago hasta ilustramos. \u00a1Cu\u00e9ntanos!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u200d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Iconos, pictogramas, s\u00edmbolos. Los ves cada d\u00eda en el m\u00f3vil, en el metro, en el s\u00faper, conduciendo. \u00bfDe qu\u00e9 va […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4236,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-web"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfQu\u00e9 son las gr\u00e1ficas invisibles? 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